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A couple of days ago, I talked about an "engine the size of a house".
It's a not an exaggeration. What are the engines and other equipment like on a container ship?
This is a 66,000gt ship, approximately 280m long. Rated about 5500 TEU.
This is the top of the main engine. pic.twitter.com/v8CFDrClpf
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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It's a Sulzer RTA96C - 96 means each piston is about 96cm across.
It has 10 "units" or cylinders.
This bit you see at the top is just the exhaust valve and cylinder head. The large pipe is hydraulics to open the exhaust. pic.twitter.com/Es7NeFBqTt
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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This is a spare piston and piston rod.
It's a slow-speed two-stroke diesel, so it works a bit differently to the diesels you are used to. pic.twitter.com/cWIrkjUJhe
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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This is the spare cylinder liner.
The holes around the bottom let the air into the cylinder when the piston is at the bottom of it's stroke. pic.twitter.com/WqCoWftI0a
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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To force that air in, you need turbochargers. These are big.
This is the exhaust side.
That little green tank lets you inject crush walnuts to clean the turbine. pic.twitter.com/NHkFZ9H8uY
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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This is the inlet side. It draws air direct from the engine room.
If you are stood here when the engine is running, it is deafening. Hearing loss territory. pic.twitter.com/X35UANUPO2
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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A view up from the bottom plates up to the top. The middle plates contain the fuel and exhaust pumps, alongside doors to get into the scavenge space - where the air flows into the cylinders. pic.twitter.com/Cgp6aXVjGa
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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This is one of 5 fuel/exhaust pumps.
They are actuated by a massive camshaft, largely hidden from view.
The hoses are covered in a second wall so that leaks can be detected. pic.twitter.com/c6yddh7Cir
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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How fast does one of these go?
Well, maximum 102rpm. We were going at around 40rpm at this point. pic.twitter.com/L8BkgDyI1R
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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This is direct drive - the engine is direct onto the prop. You want to go backwards? Reverse the engine. pic.twitter.com/8KdS3Edo85
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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The prop shaft is also long. pic.twitter.com/yvuAXYg6T4
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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We were doing about 65rpm when I took this, producing about 33.76MW of power.
How does it measure the power?
Two sensors on the prop shaft detect how much that massive lump of metal has twisted. pic.twitter.com/iKdbewbrcd
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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There is a massive flywheel. You turn the engine over very slowly using an electric motor on this to make sure everything is lubricated and moving. It's called the turning gear.
You don't start it with this though. pic.twitter.com/BoAP0focCa
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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That's done with 30 bar air from these two massive tanks.
It lets air into the cylinder, using a distributor like on a car.
Start air scares me. pic.twitter.com/SPXVkbepSw
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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All of this is normally electronically controlled.
But if that fails, you fall back to local control.
On these, its literal sticks. pic.twitter.com/05RJsLg9Ew
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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Left stick adjusts the cam shaft for working in either direction, and admits the start air. Right is fuel. It is unregulated - you could easily overspeed an engine with these.
You still practice when you get a chance. pic.twitter.com/jHQB16yOf3
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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These massive doors on the bottom plates let you into the crankcase. pic.twitter.com/B48PVRj706
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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There is a lot of extra machinery to support these beasts. First off, they don't work without power. So you have 4 generators.
These are much smaller - 5-6MW. pic.twitter.com/9qJgZFLiYF
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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They work at 6.6kV - which you call HV on the ship.
This is a big, scary voltage. pic.twitter.com/j6nOSj98BN
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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That all feeds into the HV switchboard on the ship. pic.twitter.com/v5hol9TqRz
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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Opposite that is the motor control centre, or low voltage switchboard. This controls all the 440V loads, pumps, fans, etc. pic.twitter.com/5enwAPDrVL
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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There are tens of pumps. Seawater pumps, low-temperature cooling, high temperature cooling, lube oil, fuel oil, ballast, anti-heeling, bilge, fire-fightng. Some are 750kW. pic.twitter.com/DKIVkg3ZE5
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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You have to clean the fuel oil and lube oil. To do this, you use centrifugal purifiers. There are big ones for the main engines and baby ones for the generators (BLOPs - baby lube oil purifiers). pic.twitter.com/JLMJ17TsH8
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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There are also automatic filters that use compressed air to clean themselves. pic.twitter.com/52iJbgkLQA
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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All that heat needs to go somewhere. Plate heat exchangers are common for this - around 60 plates of titanium carry alternating fluids for cooling.
You can undo the nuts and clean them one by one. It's slow. pic.twitter.com/lfQtPYX3oE
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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Air compressors - for filling those massive tanks for starting the engine. pic.twitter.com/ERKY3FpxbK
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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The heavy fuel oil the engine runs on needs to be heated to be runny enough to use.
When you are in port, the engine isn't producing heat to use. So you have a boiler to pipe heat to all the fuel tanks. pic.twitter.com/XEJcu0fmVg
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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When you are down in the engine room, alarms will sound. Various bits of machinery need tending to.
If the cog lights up - it's a machinery alarm. The others all signify different things. RED IS BAD. pic.twitter.com/vgBgwuwfHv
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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On this ship, I had to hit this button once.
I got an alarm at lunch on my pager. Went down, and saw high-temp cooling water spraying from one of the exhaust valves.
The header tank was already at low and was soon going to alarm low-low. We had to shut down the main engine. pic.twitter.com/9rCirVCNxp
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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With no main engine, you can't steer. Luckily the waters weren't busy and nothing bad happened.
Fun times! pic.twitter.com/BKDu5SqITh
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Cybergibbons! (Project Zero Hounslow)
@cybergibbons
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23. ruj |
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Forgot the shit tank!
Never forget the shit tank!
This digests all the poo so you can pump it overboard. This one had a bad belly and wasn't doing a good job. pic.twitter.com/zZqi5lbOaK
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